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SS Zeeland (1900)
SS ''Zeeland'' was a British and Belgian ocean liner of the International Mercantile Marine Co. (IMM). She was a sister ship to and a near sister ship to and of the same company. Although her name was Dutch, it was changed during World War I to the less German-sounding SS ''Northland''. She served for a time as a British troop ship under the name HMT ''Northland''. Reverting to ''Zeeland'' after the war, the ship was renamed SS ''Minnesota'' late in her career. ''Zeeland'' sailed primarily for IMM's Red Star Line for most of her early career, but also sailed under charter for the White Star Line (later White Star-Dominion), the International Navigation Company, the American Line, and the Atlantic Transport Line, all IMM subsidiary lines.
== Early career ==
In July 1899, the Red Star Line announced plans for the construction of four large steamers. Two ships, and ''Zeeland'' at John Brown & Company of Clydebank in Scotland, and two others, and , were to be built at William Cramp and Sons in Philadelphia.〔Bonsor, p. 840.〕 After being launched on 24 November 1900, ''Zeeland'' made her maiden voyage from Antwerp to New York on 13 April 1901, sailing under the British flag.〔Bonsor, p. 855.〕
''Zeeland'' began regular service on the Antwerp–New York route sailing opposite of ''Vaderland'', and when they were completed in 1902, ''Kroonland'' and ''Finland''. In April 1910, ''Zeeland'' was chartered to the White Star Line for service between Liverpool and Boston, where she remained until September 1911. The following month, ''Zeeland'' was returned to the Antwerp–New York service for Red Star. In July 1912 the liner was reflagged as a Belgian ship; she remained on the same route, and continued sailing for the Red Star Line.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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